The Joy of Computing using Python: Programming Assignment 12:

Programming Assignment-1: Holes

Let us assume paper as the plane and a letter as a curve on the plane, then each letter divides the plane into regions. For example letters "A", "D", "O", "P", "R" divide the plane into two regions so we say these letters each have one hole. Similarly, letter "B" has two holes and letters such as "C", "E", "F", "K" have no holes. We say that the number of holes in the text is equal to the total number of holes in the letters of the text. Write a program to determine how many holes are in a given text.

Input Format:The only line contains a non-empty text composed only of uppercase letters of English alphabet.
Output Format:output a single line containing the number of holes in the corresponding text.
Example-1

Input:

DRINKEATCODE

Output:
5


Explanation:
D R A O D has one hole hence total number of holes in the text is 5.

Program:

ip=input() c=0 H1=["A", "D", "O", "P", "R",'Q'] H2=["B"] #H0=['C','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y',"Z"] for i in ip: if i in H1: c+=1 elif i in H2: c=c+2 print(c,end='')

Programming Assignment-2: Smallest Palindrome

Given a string S having characters from English alphabets ['a' - 'z'] and '.' as the special character (without quotes). 
Write a program to construct the lexicographically smallest palindrome by filling each of the faded character ('.') with a lower case alphabet.

Definition:

The smallest lexicographical order is an order relation where string s is smaller than t, given the first character of s (s1 ) is smaller than the first character of t (t1 ), or in case they

are equivalent, the second character, etc.

For example "aaabbb" is smaller than "aaac" because although the first three characters

are equal, the fourth character b is smaller than the fourth character c. 

Input Format: 
String S

Output Format: 
Print lexicographically smallest palindrome after filling each '.' character, if it

possible to construct one. Print -1 otherwise.

Example-1

Input:
a.ba

Output:
abba


Example-2:

Input:
a.b

Output:
-1

Explanation: 
In example 1, you can create a palindrome by filling the '.' character by 'b'.In example 2, it is not possible to make the string s a palindrome.

Program 2:

x=list(input()) l=len(x) if l%2==1: a=x[0:int(l/2)] b=x[int(l/2)+1:] b=b[::-1] Y="alk" for i in range(len(a)): if a[i]=="." and b[i]!=".": a[i]=b[i] elif b[i]=="." and a[i]!=".": b[i]=a[i] elif a[i]=="." and b[i]==".": a[i]="a" b[i]="a" elif a[i]!=b[i] or b[i]!=a[i]: print("-1",end="") Y='fls' break if Y!="fls": b=b[::-1] s=a+["a"]+b print("".join(s),end="") else: a=x[0:int(l/2)] b=x[int(l/2):] b=b[::-1] Y="alk" for i in range(len(a)): if a[i]=="." and b[i]!=".": a[i]=b[i] elif b[i]=="." and a[i]!=".": b[i]=a[i] elif a[i]=="." and b[i]==".": a[i]="a" b[i]="a" elif a[i]!=b[i] or b[i]!=a[i]: print("-1",end="") Y='fls' break if Y!="fls": b=b[::-1] s=a+b print("".join(s),end="")

Programming Assignment-3: Letters

Write a program that accepts a sentence and calculate the number of upper case letters and lower case letters.

Input Format:
The first line of the input contains a statement.

Output Format:
Print the number of upper case and lower case respectively separated by a space.

Example:

Input:
Hello world!

Output:
1 9

Program 3:

ip=input() up=0 lw=0 for i in ip: if i.islower() : lw+=1 elif i.isupper() : up+=1 print(up,lw,end='')